Molecular Structure of DNA
If you don’t know what DNA is, please check out this other article first.
As you know, DNA is made up of four nucleotides - Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Thymine. Adenine bonds with Thymine due to the electronegativity of oxygen and the electropositivity of hydrogen; cytosine and guanine bond due to similar reasons.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar called ribose which is the cyclic carbon compound with an oxygen atom. They are also formed by nitrogenous bases. Double nitrogen-carbon rings are called purines and mono nitrogen-carbon rings are called pyrimidines. Adenine and guanine have a purine ring and cytosine and thymine have a pyrimidine ring. These rings are belong to the aromatic heterocyclic compounds. All of these have a phosphate group which joins the “separate rungs” of the ladder.
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